|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 
   
    | • | A branch represents a single element such as a 
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    |  | voltage source
    or a resistor. 
 |  | 
   
    |  | 
   
    | • | A node is the point of connection between two 
 |  | 
   
    |  | or more
    branches. 
 |  | 
   
    |  | 
   
    | • | A loop is any closed path in a circuit. 
 |  | 
   
    |  | 
   
    | • | A network with
    b branches, n nodes, and l 
 |  | 
   
    |  | independent
    loops will satisfy the fundamental 
 |  | 
   
    |  | theorem of
    network topology: 
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